In an interview with The 74 in 2019, Dr. Gloria Ladson-Billings explains that culturally relevant teaching “requires a focus on students’ learning, an attempt to develop their cultural competence, and to increase their sociopolitical or critical consciousness. And for me, that’s an all-or-nothing proposition – you can’t do one or two and say, ‘Oh, I’m being culturally relevant.’ You’ve got to do all three things.” When thinking about how to ensure curriculum, instruction, and assessment is culturally responsive, Billings’s three pillars – high expectations, culturally inclusive, and justice-oriented instruction – are essential to keep at the center of the design and refinement process. The Integrated Curriculum provides examples for what culturally responsive design may look like in action.